Sodium bicarbonate tuaj yeem hnov mob nrog ob qho acids thiab cov hauv paus, yog li tus nqi ph yuav tsum tsis yog tus twg los yog qhov siab dhau, qhov qis dhau los tsis haum rau kev daws teebmeem nruab nrab nrog ph ntawm (6,9).
Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), feem ntau hu ua ci dej qab zib.
Cov nplai dawb me me, dej tsawg dua hauv dej dua li sodium carbonate.Nws kuj yog ib hom kev lag luam chemical.Thaum cov khoom muaj siab tshaj 50 ℃, nws maj mam decomposes rau hauv sodium carbonate, carbon dioxide thiab dej, thiab ua kom tiav tag nrho ntawm 270 ℃.
Sodium bicarbonate yog kua qaub ntsev tsim los ntawm kev ua kom nruab nrab ntawm lub hauv paus ruaj khov thiab cov kua qaub tsis muaj zog.Qhov cuab yeej no ua rau nws siv los ua cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau hauv kev npaj zaub mov.
Sodium bicarbonate yuav nyob tom qab qhov kev ua tiav, kev siv ntau dhau yuav ua rau cov khoom tiav lawm alkali saj.
Tshuaj muaj zog:
Cov cua sov yaj tau yooj yim.
Yuav kom decompose maj mam nyob rau hauv huab cua noo.
Txog 50 ℃ pib cov tshuaj tiv thaiv CO2, nyob rau hauv txhua 100 sodium rau hauv sodium carbonate.Nws tau nrawm rau hauv cov kua qaub uas tsis muaj zog, thiab nws cov kua aqueous pib ua rau cov pa roj carbon dioxide thiab sodium carbonate ntawm 20 de, thiab tag nrho cov ploj mus ntawm kub taw tes.
Cov dej tsis ruaj khov ua los ntawm cov dej txias pom tau tias tsuas yog muaj qee qhov ua xaim kua roj alkaline
phenolphthalein kuaj daim ntawv.Qhov tus nqi pH ntawm 0.1mol / L cov tshuaj kua dej uas npaj ntawm 25 ℃ yog 8.3. Tsis tshua muaj tshuaj lom, ib nrab tshuaj tuag (nas, ntawm qhov ncauj) 4420mg / kg.
1.Ntawm nrog cov kua qaub
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog HCl: NaHCO₃ + HCl=NaCl + H₂O + CO₂ ↑
Nrog CH₃COOH teb: NaHCO₃ + CH₃COOH=CH₃COONa + H₂O + CO₂ ↑
2. Kev ua haujlwm nrog alkali
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog sodium hydroxide:NaHCO₃ + NaOH=Na₂CO₃ + H₂O
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog calcium hydroxide: Cov koob tshuaj sodium bicarbonate yuav tsum yog ntau dhau los lossis me me.
A smallquantityof: NaHCO₃ + Ca (OH) ₂=CaCO₃ ↓ + NaOH + H₂O
Qhov ntau ntau ntawm: 2NaHCO₃ {{1}} Ca (OH) ₂ = Na₂CO₃ {{2}} CaCO₃ ↓ + 2H₂O
3.Ntawm nrog ntsev
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog tooj liab sulfate:4NaHCO₃ {{2}} 2CuSO₄ = 2Na₂SO₄ {{3}} Cu₂ (OH) ₂CO₃ ↓ +H₂O+3CO₂ ↑
Hydrolysis
Ob chav hydrolysis nrog aluminium chloride: 3NaHCO₃ {{1}} AlCl₃ = Al (OH) ↓ + 3CO₂ ↑ + 3NaCl
Doublehydrolysis nrog aluminium sulfate: Al₂ (SO₄) ₃+6NaHCO₃ = 3Na₂SO₄+2Al (OH) ₃ ↓ ₂6CO₂ ↑
4. Kev tshuab raj
Kev ua kom sov: 2NaHCO₃=Na₂CO₃ + H₂O + CO₂ ↑
5. Kev tawm tswv yim
Sodium bicarbonate ionization kab zauv: NaHCO₃ = Na+ + HCO₃﹣
Khoom noj khoom haus qib ci dej qab zib
Tsis zoo li muaj dej qab zib (sodium carbonate) thiab ci dej qab zib (sodium bicarbonate), cov dej qab zib yog tsim los ntawm cov kua dej qab ntsev lossis cov iav ci uas nqus carbon dioxide.
Yog li, hauv qee qhov chaw, ci dej qab zib kuj tseem hu ua cov dej qab zib ua tau.
Kev ci dej qab zib yog qhov tseeb, puag ncig, dawb, thiab soluble hauv dej.
Cov ntsev ib leeg yog: cov ntsev zoo, acid ntsev, cov ntsev yooj yim, sodium bicarbonate yog cov kua ntsev tsim tom qab neutralization ntawm lub hauv paus muaj zog thiab tsis muaj zog acid, uas yog me ntsis alkaline thaum yaj hauv dej.
Hauv kev tsim ntau ntau ntawm cov roj hmab buns, sib sib zog nqus-kib ncuav khob noom, thiab lwm yam khoom noj, cov dej qab zib yog feem ntau xyaw ua hmoov thiab decomposed rau hauv sodium carbonate, carbon dioxide, thiab dej tom qab tshav kub.Thaum cov pa roj carbon dioxide thiab dej vapor dhau, cov zaub mov yuav ua fluffy ntau thiab sodium carbonate yuav nyob hauv cov zaub mov.
Lub khob cij xyoob tuaj yeem saj nrog cov dej qab zib kom ntau ntxiv.
SIV:
Sodium bicarbonate tuaj yeem siv ncaj qha ua cov khoom siv hauv kev lag luam kws kho tshuaj rau kev kho mob ntawm lub plab acid dhau.
Nws kuj tseem siv tau rau hauv kev ua yeeb yaj kiab, kev ua kom yuag, hnav khaub ncaws, ua kom sib txawv, kho cov hlau kub, thiab fiber, kev lag luam roj hmab, thiab lwm yam.
Nws kuj yog siv los ua tshuaj ntxuav lub pob zeb thiab ua cov noob soak rau kev ua liaj ua teb.
